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 Burma/Myanmar: A country blessed by Gods and cursed for Men, by Guy LUBEIGT* senior research fellow at the CNRSDate : 01/12/2007 Author : Guy Lubeigt The Union of Burma, that has hundreds of ethnic minorities in its territory, is both the sole Indo-Chinese country of Indo-China and the largest one (5,78,000 km²). Geographical link between the East and the Far-East, known by the elders as the ‘Land of Gold’, it conceals fabulous natural resources (precious stones, jade, teak, non-ferrous metals), hydrocarbons, a great hydro-energy potential and fertile lands. Moreover, with 2800 km of open coasts along the Indian Ocean and the petrol route, Burma occupies an exceptional strategic position that particularly affects China.  Nishida Kitaro : the Philosopher, his thought, and its stakes by Michel Dalissier, Dr. PhD. of Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Shibusawa-Claudel 2007 AwardDate : 01/11/2007 Author : Michel Dalissier Japan, the far-eastern point perched at the edge of the abyssal zones of the world, seat of an erudite and original synthesis of oriental and western philosophical traditions since the Meiji era (1868-1912), could well represent a sort of athanor where one part of some uncertain futures of a world philosophy is molded.
Nishida Kitarô (西田幾多郎1870-1945) was very quick to understand that, by means of a remarkable move which took him from his reading of classical Chinese works and Buddhist writings to western philosophy, traced back to its Greek foundation with a thorough soul-searching reappraisal.
Entrance of the last house of Nishida Kitaro in Kamakura , Photo de l’auteur
 The Seoul thing: From a thing that people inhabit to a place where they live, by Benjamin Joinau* member of the CNRS UMR 8173's Korea teamDate : 01/10/2007 Author : Benjamin Joinau A recent education campaign in the metro launched by the Municipality of Seoul got lost in the maze of advertisements for mobile telephones and miraculous remedies for hangovers. One more poster like any other, but its content was really weird. It read: ‘Transform your city from a thing you inhabit to a place you live’. An almost touching appeal from the authorities, to make the citizens change from a user to an inhabitant. What could therefore be motivating the authorities of Seoul, an urban monster of 11 million souls to launch such a campaign?  Whither Postcolonial Studies? by Jacques Pouchepadass, Senior Research Fellow at the CNRSDate : 01/09/2007
Author : Jacques POUCHEPADASS, Centre d'étude de l'Inde et de l'Asie du Sud, EHESS, 54 boulevard Raspail - 75006 Paris
Postcolonialism is not strictly speaking a theory, it is a galaxy of critical thinking, all the more difficult to delineate and define as it is prone to collective self-criticism and constantly evolving. Its founding text is Edward Said's celebrated Orientalism (1978), which broke new ground compared with the old critical tradition of anticolonialism by forcefully highlighting (and not without a few simplistic assertions which the author qualified in his later works) that the violence of colonialism was not just the stark brutality of conquest and plundering, of material human exploitation, of the peremptory universalism of the 'civilizing mission', and of racial oppression, but also a form of epistemic violence, a sort of vice of the mind, which essentialized the modern West's 'Others' and classified them hierarchically while pretending to describe and understand them scientifically.  Preserve / Restore / Rebuild / Renovate: The archipelagos of mystical thought in Japan and Europe, by Jean-Sébastien Cluzel PhD, DPLG architectDate : 01/08/2007
Author : Jean-Sébastien Cluzel
Japan has developed an original strategy for fighting against erosion of its monuments: periodic rebuilding. Once in twenty years, the old edifices of the sanctuary of Ise [illu. 1] serve as models before being razed to the ground in order to build those of the new temple on an adjacent land. The continuity of this practice and the use of a model described since the VIth century, bestows this sanctuary with an authenticity: a form of edifices handed down by the ritualistic repetition of the act of building.
The Hôryû-ji, Buddhist monastery situated in the city of Ikaruga, South of Nara, has the oldest Buddhist constructions of Japan.  Bhutan and Nepal : The Himalayan kingdoms in the perils of democracy -A regional stake between India and China- by Thierry Mathou, Research fellow to the CNRS - UPR 299Date : 01/07/2007
Author : Thierry Mathou
At a time when China and India have embarked on a ‘strategic partnership’, the stability of the Himalayan states, faced with an unprecedented social and political transformation, is a cause for concern. Bhutan and Nepal, the last kingdoms of the region, are the sole state survivors of an old regional order that has seen the incorporation of Tibet into the People’s Republic of China and that of Sikkim into the Indian Union in the course of the 20th century. These two comparable but nevertheless different monarchies, kept out of colonization and which have opened late to modernity –one is Hindu and the other Buddhist- are involved in an irreversible process that could jeopardize the very identity of the societies that have seen them emerge.  Islam and globalization in post-Soviet Central Asia and Caucasus by Bayram BALCI* Director of the Institute for Central Asian Studies (IFEAC) in TachkentDate : 01/04/2007
Author : Bayram BALCI
Globalization, extensively studied since the end of the bipolar era, preceeded the collapse of the Eastern bloc and was actually speeded-up because of it. We are particularly interested in its religious standing, for the light that it throws on the delicate transition of a region that has remained isolated for a longtime and confronted with the world only from 1991. The post-Soviet Central Asia and Caucasus belong to the Turkish-Iranian cultural space but they stand out more strikingly by the Russian and Soviet cultures they are imbued with in quick succession. We now bring a new light to the reconstitution of religious space, confrontation between local Islam and globalized Islam, policies implemented to manage one and check the other, to ascertain the Islamic future towards which this region is heading, situated as it were at the crossroads of several periods of turbulence.  The Pacific Islands, in the middle or on the sidelines of globalization? By Christian Huetz de Lemps, Professor, Paris 4 Sorbonne UniversityDate : 01/03/2007
Author : Christian Huetz de Lemps
When the Pacific Islands are evoked, it is not of course about the big archipelagos of the Asian border that one thinks of (Japan, Philippines, Indonesia), but of all the small islands forming what is traditionally called as island Oceania to distinguish it also from the ‘great Oceanian lands’, Australia and New Zealand. These islands raise the paradox, we are quite aware, of being both the most isolated lands of the world in the oceanic immensities and completely populated lands well before the arrival of the Europeans.
photo of the author: Marono’s island, between Upolu and Savai’i (Western Samoa). In this polynesian archipelago, with a dense population, the space is organised by village communities composed of families led by chiefs (Matai) who gather in each village in a council (fono) where decisions are taken. Here, the traditional house (fale) and a matai, with tattoos on the beginning of the thigh that we can hardly see.  The China-Japan Equation: Economic partners, Strategic rivals by Claude Meyer*Date : 01/02/2007
Author : Claude MEYER
The warming-up of political relations between China and Japan is noticeable since the new Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s visit to Beijing on 8th October 2006. This slight improvement should not however obscure the seriously deteriorating relations between the two countries since several years, despite intensification of economic exchanges. Indeed the structural reasons for this antagonism persist: although it is partly explained by the collision of conflicting memories and resurgence of nationalisms, its underlying cause lies elsewhere, namely in the clash of two ambitions. If the relationship of these bound economic partners remains fraught with such mistrust, it is because they are actually rivals for conquering the leadership in Asia.
Claude MEYER is Associate Professor at Sciences Po, and Research Associate, GEM - Sciences Po (Groupe d’économie mondiale / World Economics Group) The Indian Union at sixty by Jean-Luc Racine, Senior CNRS Fellow at the Centre for Indian and South Asian Studies, EHESS, ParisDate : 01/01/2007
Author : Jean-Luc Racine
India will celebrate its sixtieth year of Independence on the 15th August 2007, and this anniversary will inevitably bring along its trail of comments. Not long since accustomed to looking confidently into the future, the Indian decisions makers and the media are sure to turn towards the past, to gauge the distance covered, recall undoubtedly developments of the last decades, and perhaps evoke some lost illusions. The most well-balanced assessments will speak about those left behind by progress, and about obstructions that tarnish the image of the 'world’s largest democracy'. But optimism should prevail in the era of major transformation in India.  Water, ecosystems and sustainable development in arid and semi arid zones by Marie-Françoise Courel, Director of the Department of Human and Social Science at CNRSDate : 01/10/2006
Author : Marie-Françoise COUREL is also the President of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Sahara, Kalahari, Namib, Sinai, Karakum, Rub al Khali, Lut, Thar, Taklamakan, Gobi, Chihuahua, Great Basin, Mojave, Colorado, Atacama, Great Sandy, Simpson…
Distributed by the media, some splendid pictures of countrysides of a «mineral universe»… strike our imagination. Some powerful pictures of infinite horizons, frightening silences, sand winds, dead valleys …
Irrigation by sprinkling. Durum wheat production in the desert of Saudi Arabia (deep aquiferous exploitation)  September 2006 EditorialDate : 01/09/2006
Author : Henri-Paul Francfort,*Directeur de recherche au CNRS, Laboratoire Archéologies et sciences de l'antiquité, UMR 7041 ArScAn, Nanterre
Desert and old oasis of Xinjiang.
The Xinjiang (Uyghur Autonomous Region) shuts in Taklamakan, a vast cold desert, between the mountain ranges of Tian Shan in the North and the chains of Kunlun in the South (about 1000 km E-W and 500 N-S).These days it runs alongside agricultural oasis situated on rivers gushing out of these mountains, among which some were bigger and stronger in the past than now. More to the North, the Xinjiang encompasses one part of Altay, colossal mountainous massifs which were for a longtime the domain of pastor nomads. A few words on Central Asia by Vincent Fourniau,* Professor at the School of Higher Studies in Social Sciences (EHESS)Date : 01/08/2006
Author : Vincent Fourniau
The Central Asian countries are friendly towards the inquisitive person, the observer and the traveller, no matter what mode of transport they adopt.
However, as far as some of them are concerned like Kyrgyzstan and one part of Kazakhstan which are right up against China, the bicycle has curiously very little place in the societies of ex-Soviet Central Asia even though it was known to be the king of transport in China. In the city, it is definitely marginal and to ward off any attack from motorcycles, the latter were forbidden at Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan... Central Asia: a designation open to debate? By Svetlana GorsheninaDate : 21/06/2006
Author : Svetlana Gorshenina, Independent Researcher, associated with the team 4071 of the CNRS of H.-P. Frankfurt and the P. Sériot’s team (department of Slavic languages of the University of Lausanne)
The expression Central Asia was created in 1826 in the work Historical painting of Asia by J. Klaproth and has appeared in the stories of Russian travelers (N. Muraviev, Ja. Khanykov, c. 1813) to describe the space that extends from Black sea to the Okhotsk sea. Since the initial comments it could however never be applied to a clearly well-defined region.
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